An Evaluation of Healthcare Waste Disposal Methods and Environmental Impact: A Study of Hospitals in Gombe State
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Background of the Study
Healthcare waste disposal is a critical component of hospital management, with improper disposal posing significant risks to public health and the environment. Healthcare waste includes infectious, hazardous, and non-hazardous materials generated during medical care (WHO, 2024). In Gombe State, the increasing volume of healthcare waste from hospitals has raised concerns about its disposal methods and the resulting environmental impact.
Effective waste management involves segregation, treatment, and safe disposal to minimize risks. However, studies reveal that many hospitals in developing regions, including Gombe State, lack adequate infrastructure and compliance with waste management regulations (Ali & Ibrahim, 2023). This study evaluates the healthcare waste disposal methods used in hospitals and their environmental implications.
Statement of the Problem
Improper healthcare waste disposal in Gombe State contributes to environmental pollution, health hazards, and the spread of diseases. Many hospitals lack proper waste segregation and treatment facilities, leading to the indiscriminate dumping of hazardous materials (Garba & Usman, 2024).
This study investigates the effectiveness of healthcare waste disposal methods in Gombe State and their environmental impact, providing recommendations for sustainable waste management practices.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the healthcare waste disposal methods used in hospitals in Gombe State.
2. To evaluate the environmental impact of healthcare waste disposal practices.
3. To propose sustainable healthcare waste management strategies.
Research Questions
1. What healthcare waste disposal methods are used in hospitals in Gombe State?
2. What is the environmental impact of healthcare waste disposal practices?
3. What strategies can improve healthcare waste management in Gombe State?
Research Hypotheses
1. H₀: Healthcare waste disposal methods do not significantly impact the environment.
2. H₀: Current healthcare waste management practices are not effective in mitigating environmental risks.
3. H₀: Sustainable strategies do not significantly improve healthcare waste management in Gombe State.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study focuses on hospitals in Gombe State, analyzing their waste disposal methods and the associated environmental impact. Limitations include variability in waste management practices and potential challenges in data collection from hospitals.
Definitions of Terms
Healthcare Waste: Waste generated during medical activities, including hazardous and non-hazardous materials.
Waste Disposal: The process of safely discarding waste materials.
Environmental Impact: The effect of human activities, including waste disposal, on the environment.
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